Colorado Department of agriculturE 
Animal Industry Division
8 ccr 1201-19
livestock disease control
Definitions:
The following definitions apply to all parts of 8 CCR 1201-19 below except where any part has a definition that is more specific in which case the specific controls over the general. 
1.	“Accredited Veterinarian” means an individual who is currently licensed and in good standing with a veterinary licensing board or agency in any state of the United States or the District of Columbia to practice veterinary medicine and is accredited by the United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services.
2.	“Administrator” means The Administrator, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, or any person authorized to act for the Administrator.
3.	“Animal and Plant Health Inspection Services (APHIS)” means the agency in the United States Department of Agriculture known as the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service.  
 4.	“Certificate of veterinary inspection (CVI)” means an official document issued by an accredited veterinarian at the point of origin of a shipment of livestock. The document shall include the date, the physical location of origin, the name and mailing address of the consignor; the physical location of destination, the name and mailing address of the consignee; the age, sex, number, and breed of the livestock; sufficient identifying marks, tags or other identification as may be approved by the State Veterinarian, to positively identify livestock; and the results of all required tests. Such document shall also include a statement verifying that the livestock identified on the document have been inspected and that they are free from clinical signs of any contagious, infectious, or communicable diseases and that the livestock do not originate from an area of quarantine, infestation, or infection. A certificate of veterinary inspection is valid for thirty (30) days after the date of issuance.
5.	“Hold Order” means a written notice issued by the Commissioner of Agriculture or his designee ordering that livestock not move from a designated area, premises, county, or section of the state, pending the confirmation of laboratory testing. 
6.	“Infectious or contagious disease” means a disease of livestock caused by a virus, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, internal or external parasite or prion.
7.	"Livestock" means cattle, horses, mules, burros, sheep, poultry, swine, llama, cervids, bison and goats, regardless of use. Livestock includes any animal that is used for working purposes on a farm or ranch, excluding dogs; or that is raised for food or fiber production; and any other animal designated by the Commissioner.
8.	“Location identification number (LID)” means a nationally unique number issued by a state, tribal, or federal animal health authority to a location as determined by the state or tribe in which it is issued. The LID number may be used in conjunction with a producer's own unique livestock production numbering system to provide a nationally unique and herd unique identification number for an animal. It may also be used as a component of a group/lot identification number (GIN). 
9.	“Official eartag” means an identification tag approved by APHIS that bears an official identification number for individual animals. Beginning March 11, 2014, all official eartags manufactured must bear an official eartag shield. Beginning March 11, 2015, all official eartags applied to animals must bear an official eartag shield. The design, size, shape, color, and other characteristics of the official eartag will depend on the needs of the users, subject to the approval of the Administrator. The official eartag must be tamper-resistant and have a high retention rate in the animal.
10.	“Official eartag shield” means the shield‐shaped graphic of the U.S. Route Shield with “U.S.” or the State postal abbreviation or Tribal alpha code imprinted within the shield.
11.	“Official identification device or method” means a means approved by the Administrator of USDA APHIS for applying an official identification number to an animal of a specific species or associating an official identification number with an animal or group of animals of a specific species or otherwise officially identifying an animal or group of animals.
12.	“Official identification number” means a nationally unique number that is permanently associated with an animal or group of animals and that adheres to one of the following systems:
a.	National Uniform Eartagging System (NUES).
b.	Animal identification number (AIN).
c.	Location-based number system.
d.	Flock-based number system.
e.	Any other numbering system approved by the Administrator for the official identification of animals.
13.	“Officially identified” means identified by means of an official identification device or method approved by the Administrator.
14.	"Owner” means the person or entity owning the livestock and the owner’s officers, members, employees, or agents.
15.	“Premises identification number (PIN)” means a nationally unique number assigned by a state, tribal, or Federal animal health authority to a premises that is, in the judgment of the state, tribal, or Federal animal health authority, a geographically distinct location from other premises. The premises identification number is associated with an address, geospatial coordinates, or location descriptors that provide a verifiably unique location. The premises identification number may be used in conjunction with a producer’s own livestock production numbering system to provide a unique identification number for an animal. It may also be used as a component of a group or lot identification number. 
16.	“Quarantine” means a written notice or order issued by the Commissioner of Agriculture or his designee ordering that livestock not move from a designated area, premises, county, or section of the state, pending release of the quarantine by the Commissioner of Agriculture or his designee.
17.	“RFID” means a radio frequency identification device used as individual identification of livestock.
18.	“State Veterinarian” means the veterinarian designated by the Commissioner of the Colorado Department of Agriculture as the director of the Division of Animal Health, Colorado Department of Agriculture.
Part 1:	Standards for Livestock Certificates of Veterinary Inspection
I.	Introduction
A Certificate of Veterinary Inspection (CVI) is an official document approved by the State Veterinarian and issued by an accredited veterinarian to a livestock owner prior to moving livestock across state lines. The CVI insures that livestock have been inspected by an accredited veterinarian and found to be free from clinical signs of infectious or contagious disease. The requirement of obtaining a CVI prior to moving livestock across state lines has been a very important tool in the surveillance and eradication of certain livestock diseases in the United States. Individual state animal health officials determine animal identification and disease testing requirements for potential importation of livestock into their respective states. The CVI document allows for the recording of animal identification and disease testing requirements in an orderly fashion.
II.	Definitions
A.	"Accredited Veterinarian" means a veterinarian approved by the USDA in accordance with 9 Code of Federal Regulations § 161 (2002) to perform functions required for state or cooperative state and federal animal disease control and eradication programs.
B.	“Certificate of Veterinary Inspection (CVI or Health Certificate)” means an official document approved by the state veterinarian and issued by an accredited veterinarian at the point of origin prior to the shipment of livestock and includes electronically generated and transmitted CVIs.
C.	“Individual identification” means USDA ear tags, radio frequency identification device (RFID) ear tags, microchips, or any other identification individually applied to livestock approved by the State Veterinarian.
D.	“Infectious or contagious disease” means a disease of livestock caused by a virus, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, internal or external parasite or prion.
E.	"Livestock" means cattle, horses, mules, burros, sheep, poultry, swine, llama, cervids, bison and goats, regardless of use. Livestock includes any animal that is used for working purposes on a farm or ranch, excluding dogs; or is raised for food or fiber production; and any other animal designated by the Commissioner. 
F.	“National Animal Identification System (NAIS)” means a national program intended to identify specific animals and premises in the United States developed by the USDA, State agencies and the livestock industry. This system is designed to enable traceback of the movements of any diseased or exposed animal.
G.	"Owner” means the person or entity owning the livestock and the owner’s officers, members, employees, or agents. 
H.	“RFID” means a radio frequency identification device used as individual identification of livestock.
I.	"State Veterinarian” means the veterinarian employed by the Colorado Department of Agriculture and appointed by the Commissioner of Agriculture or his/her representative. 
III.	Requirements for Certificates of Veterinary Inspection
A.	An official certificate of veterinary inspection (health certificate or CVI) is the legibly completed official form both written and electronically generated and approved by the State Veterinarian of the state of origin and issued by a licensed accredited veterinarian.
B.	Such CVI health certificate shall show the date of shipment, the names and addresses of the consignor and the consignee, species of livestock, number, sex, breed, and age and sufficient identifying brands, marks, tags, and other identification to positively identify said livestock. When available, NAIS compliant RFID devices shall be included along with the Global Positioning System (GPS) coordinates. When available, the NAIS premises identification shall be recorded and reported to the NAIS and Colorado movement database by the issuing veterinarian. include the date, the physical location of origin, the name and mailing address of the consignor; the physical location of destination, the name and mailing address of the consignee; the age, sex, number, and breed of the livestock; sufficient identifying marks, tags or other identification as may be approved by the State Veterinarian, to positively identify livestock; and the results of all required tests.
C.	Such CVI health certificate shall indicate the applicable area, herd, or flock disease status, and required disease test results necessary for importation to the state of destination.
D.	Such CVI health certificate shall identify the type of carrier and their name and address. Such CVI health certificate shall show the permit number when a permit is required. 
E.	The CVI health certificate shall also contain a statement by the accredited veterinarian that such livestock are free from clinical signs of all contagious, infectious, or communicable diseases and do not originate from a premises, district or state of quarantine, infestation or infection. Such statement shall substantially comply with the following: “I certify, as an accredited veterinarian that the above described animals have been inspected by me and that they are not showing signs of infections, contagious, or communicable disease (except where noted). The vaccinations and results of tests are as indicated on the certificate. To the best of my knowledge, the animals listed on this certificate meet the state of destination’s and federal interstate requirements. No further warranty is made or implied.”
F.	A CVI health certificate shall be void thirty (30) days after the date of its issuance.
G.	One copy of such certificate shall accompany the livestock. Within thirty seven days after the date of issue, the accredited veterinarian who issued the CVI shall forward a copy of such CVI certificate shall be forwarded to the State Veterinarian from the accredited veterinarian who issued the certificate.
H.	Livestock shall also meet all federal interstate of USDA’s animal disease traceability requirements.
IV III.	Colorado Livestock Import Requirements
A.	Individual identification will be required as import regulations require. Livestock imported into Colorado must comply either with the destination state’s regulations or USDA’s animal and disease traceability requirements.
B.	When available, NAIS premises identification shall be listed. 
C.	When available, RFID devices shall be recorded on the CVI either electronically or written.
D B.	The State Veterinarian may require a statement by the issuing veterinarian concerning certain designated or reportable diseases that may be occurring in the livestock’s state of origin. 
IV.	Colorado Livestock Export Requirements
A.	Official identification will be required as import regulations of the state of destination or USDA ‘’s animal disease traceability requirements. 
B.	Livestock exported from Colorado must comply either with the destination state’s regulations or USDA’s animal and disease traceability requirements. 
V.	Quarantine for Animals Entering Illegally Entering into Colorado
A.	Animals entering the state Colorado without a valid CVI health certificate or permit number, or both if required, may be held in quarantine at the risk and owner’s expense of the owner until released by an authorized representative of the State Veterinarian. Animals under quarantine for noncompliance with this rule may be released only after the State Veterinarian is satisfied by inspection, testing, dipping treatment, or through observation over time, that the animals are not a threat to the Colorado’s livestock industry.
B.	Any individual who fails to comply with Colorado livestock import rules may be liable for a civil fine of up to $1,000 per violation, in accordance with 35-50-118 C.R.S. (2005 Colo. Sess. Laws Chapter 132, page 447). Such fines may be levied on a per-head basis.
C B.	The State Veterinarian may request order that an imported animal failing to meet entry import requirements be returned to the its state of origin; consigned directly to slaughter; or confined to a designated Colorado Approved fFeedlot,. The person responsible for the livestock at the time of entry shall comply with the State Veterinarian’s order within five working days of the request its issuance. Any extension to this time-frame shall the five-day deadline may  be approved in writing and only by the State Veterinarian.
D C.	If the owner or owner's agent fails to comply with a request an order to return an animal livestock to the livestock’s state of origin within the time-frame required set forth in Section V.C. B of this Part 1, the Department shall may require that the animal livestock be immediately gathered at the owner's risk and expense to avoid exposure of Colorado livestock. The isolation of said livestock shall be managed according to requirements approved by the State Veterinarian to limit potential disease spread to Colorado livestock. 
D.	Said animals may be required to be The State Veterinarian may require that livestock ordered  returned to their state of origin  premises be returned by a commercial livestock conveyance. 
Part 2:	Commuter Agreement
I.	Introduction
A commuter agreement, as defined below, may be obtained by a herd owners, manager, or operator for the purposes of moving a livestock breeding herds between Colorado and a state that is contiguous states, to Colorado and for the purpose of returning livestock from Colorado to the a state of origin that is contiguous to Colorado. Commuter agreements may allow for exemption from normal import disease testing requirements, or allow for testing to be completed upon return to Colorado or return to the state of origin. In some cases, or testing may be required prior to the shipping shipment of livestock. Commuter permit numbers are issued on a form provided by the State Veterinarian or by the state veterinarian’s office from of the state of origin.
II.	Definitions
A.	“Brand Certificate” means certificates issued by inspectors of the State Board of Stock Inspection, Colorado Department of Agriculture, under 35-53-105 C.R.S. (2004).
B.	“Certificate of veterinary inspection (CVI)” means an official document issued by an accredited veterinarian at the point of origin of a shipment of the livestock. It shall include the date, the premises of origin, name and address of the consignor; the premises of destination, the name and address of the consignee; the commuter permit number; the age, sex, number, and breed of the livestock; sufficient identifying marks, tags or other identification as may be approved by the state veterinarian, to positively identify livestock; and the results of all required tests. It shall also include a statement of an inspection of the livestock verifying that they are free from clinical signs of any contagious, infectious, or communicable diseases and that the livestock do not originate from an area of quarantine, infestation, or infection. A certificate of veterinary inspection is valid for thirty (30) days after the date of issuance.
C A.	“Commuter agreement” means a form, approved by the Colorado State Veterinarian and the state veterinarian of the contiguous state, that establishes an agreement between Colorado and a contiguous states which to enables livestock owners, managers, or operators to move livestock across state borders for grazing purposes and to return to the state of origin.
D B.	“Official Calfhood Vaccinate (OCV)” means a female bovine which that has been vaccinated with Brucella abortus RB-51 vaccine when the female bovine is between 4 and 12 months of age and when the female bovine identified as provided for in the Uniform Methods & Rules for Brucellosis Eradication.
E.	“Livestock” means beef cattle including breeding cows, bulls and calves accompanying their mother, breeding sheep and lambs and Equidae used for the purpose of working with the above species.
F C.	“Uniform Methods and Rules (UM&R)” for Brucellosis Eradication” shall mean the standards set forth by the USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service ( in APHIS Bulletin No. 91-45-013,) which are effective October 1, 2003. This rule incorporates by reference APHIS Bulletin No. 91-45-013. This rule does not adopt any later amendments to or editions of this bulletin. Additionally, anyone seeking to review a copy of the referenced material may contact the Animal Health Division of the Department of Agriculture located at 305 Interlocken Parkway, Broomfield, Colorado, to learn how this information may be obtained or reviewed. This and any other material that is incorporated by reference may be examined at any state publications depository library.
III.	Commuter Agreement Testing Requirements
A.	A commuter agreement may be obtained by herd owners, managers, or operators for the purposes of moving livestock into Colorado from a contiguous border states and for the purpose of returning the livestock to the state of origin or for moving livestock from Colorado to a border contiguous states and then returning the livestock to Colorado.
B.	Commuter agreements between states of unequal disease status may allow for the exception from normal import testing requirements or testing accomplished in normal production cycles in that:
1.	testing may be completed upon return to Colorado or; 
2.	testing may be required prior to the shipping movement of livestock.
IV.	Commuter Agreement Form Requirements
A.	A commuter permit number shall be issued on a form provided by tThe State Veterinarian or the state veterinarian from the state of origin will issue permit numbers on forms that they provide and that meets the following criteria:
1.	The A commuter agreement form shall list the approximate dates of departure and return; the type and number of livestock to be shipped moved; and the livestock’s location of origin and location of destination identified by NAIS premises identification or address, or section, township and range location, or legal description.
2.	The herd owner, operator, or manager shall identify, on the commuter agreement form, the veterinarian responsible for providing veterinary services for the herd in the state of origin.
3.	The commuter agreement form shall be signed by the herd owner, operator, or manager and by the state veterinarians or by designees from both participating states.
4.	The livestock shall be from a breeding herd or flock assembled for at least one year, which may include sires, dams, and their offspring. Purchased feeder or other temporary use livestock are not allowed to be included on the commuter agreement. 
5.	An accredited licensed veterinarian and a brand inspector shall inspect such livestock prior to movement. A CVI will be issued with the commuter permit number indicated identified on the certificate CVI prior to the livestock’s movement. Both the Brand Certificate and the CVI will accompany the movement to either state.
6.	All female cattle older than 12 months of age that are intended to commute shall be Brucellosis Official Calfhood Vaccinates (OCV).
7.	All Colorado origin commuting bulls shall be tested for trichomoniasis T. fetus upon return of the herd to Colorado, the state of origin after having been separated from female cattle for one week any period of time in excess of 30 days. All non-virgin out of state bulls shall be test negative for trichomoniasis prior to shipment into Colorado. 
8.	All breeding bulls shall test negative for T. fetus prior to shipment into Colorado. In the event that breeding bulls are not available for T. fetus testing, the State Veterinarian may require quarantine and pregnancy testing of the cows in the appropriate herd.
8 9.	All Colorado origin rams shall may be required to be tested with a test approved by the State Veterinarian for Brucella ovis 60 to -120 days after returning to Colorado. All out of state rams over six (6) months of age and older shall be test negative to Brucella ovis, by a test approved by the State Veterinarian prior to shipment into Colorado. 
9 10.	When livestock are shipped moved to states with higher disease incidence status or risk for diseases such as tuberculosis or brucellosis, the State Veterinarian may require other or additional testing may be required as stated on the commuter agreement, either prior to shipment movement or upon return to the state of origin. 
B.	Nothing within this Part 3 of these Rules eliminates any state or federal requirement for a health or brand inspection.
V.	Non Compliance with Commuter Agreements
A.	In the event that a livestock owner fails to comply with any disease-testing requirements set forth on a signed commuter agreement when moving a herds or flock, are moved according to a commuter agreement, where the livestock owner or agent fails to complete the disease testing previously agreed to on a signed commuter agreement, any of the follow regulations may apply the State Veterinarian may exercise any or all of the following authorities:
1.	The present commuter agreement may be immediately canceled. When a commuter agreement is canceled, the herd shall meet all the Colorado’s livestock import requirements prior to return to the Colorado premises.
2.	The commuter agreement requested in the following year may not be approved until the previously agreed testing has been completed. 
3.	The livestock may be placed under quarantine until the previously agreed testing has been completed.
4.	Enforcement, civil fines or penalties may be levied according to CRS 35-50-117 or 35-50-118 (2005 Colo. Sess. Laws Chapter 132, page 447).
Part 3:	Standards for Colorado Import Approved Feedlots
I.	Introduction
Certain livestock diseases that both the USDA and the Colorado Department of Agriculture regulate pose a significant risk to Colorado livestock producers, specifically with regard to states that regularly import cattle for both breeding and finish-feeding purposes into Colorado. While some of these states may have regulated program disease status for certain diseases, that status may not always be as strict as Colorado’s. Disease risk in confined feeding operations can be managed such that the risk of spread to Colorado’s breeding herd and livestock producers is extremely low or even non-existent. The Division of Animal Industry maintains reasonable livestock import rules and requirements. These requirements are science-based and designed both to protect the livestock industries within Colorado and to permit feeding operations to remain competitive. The potential for livestock disease entry into Colorado can be adequately mitigated and controlled through appropriate import requirements that require individual animal identification that denotes the state of origin, that require livestock remain in feedlots and exit only directly to slaughter, or to another Colorado Approved Feedlot and that require that livestock feeding operations maintain appropriate records of the livestock they feed.
II.	Definitions
A.	"Accredited Veterinarian" means a veterinarian approved by the USDA in accordance with 9 Code of Federal Regulations § 161 (2002) to perform functions required for state or cooperative state and federal animal disease control and eradication programs.
B.	“Approved Individual Animal Identification Ear tag” means USDA ear tags, radio frequency identification device (RFID) ear tags, or any other ear tag individually applied to livestock and approved by the state veterinarian.
C.	“Certificate of Veterinary Inspection (CVI or Health Certificate)” means an official document approved by the state veterinarian and issued by an accredited veterinarian at the point of origin prior to the shipment of livestock. This definition shall also include electronically generated and transmitted CVIs.
D.	“Class A State” means a state classified by VS/APHIS, as set forth in the Uniform Methods and Rules (“UM&R”), based upon the incidence of brucellosis infection existing in said state.
E A.	“Colorado Import Approved Feedlot" means a confined feedlot area approved and recorded by the State Veterinarian or his or her authorized agent. The approved feedlot shall be maintained for growing and/or finish-feeding of animals in dry lot with no provisions for pasturing or grazing. Animals leaving such a feedlot must move directly to slaughter or to another Colorado Approved Feedlot and must be accompanied by a current brand inspection certificate where and when applicable.
F.	“Colorado Import Approved Feedlot Entry Permit” means a permit issued by the state veterinarian approving the import of livestock to a Colorado Import Approved Feedlot.
G B.	“Entry Import permit” means a permit issued by the sState vVeterinarian to an accredited veterinarian at the livestock’s point of origin and used for the interstate import into Colorado or intrastate movement of livestock within Colorado.
H.	“Infectious or contagious disease” means a disease of livestock caused by a virus, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, internal or external parasite or prion.
I.	"Livestock" means cattle, horses, mules, burros, sheep, poultry, swine, llama, cervids, bison and goats, regardless of use. Livestock includes any animal that is used for working purposes on a farm or ranch, excluding dogs; or is raised for food or fiber production; and any other animal designated by the Commissioner. 
J.	"Modified accredited advanced state" means a state that is actively participating in the eradication of bovine tuberculosis and that maintains its status in accordance with the provisions of the USDA UM&R for Bovine Tuberculosis Eradication.
K.	“National Animal Identification System (NAIS)” means a national program intended to identify specific animals and premises in the United States developed by the USDA, state agencies and the livestock industry. This system is designed to enable traceback of the movements of any diseased or exposed animal. 
L.	"Official ear tag" means a metal identification ear tag that provides unique identification for each individual animal by conforming to the nine-character alpha-numeric national uniform ear-tagging system or any other unique identification device approved by the Colorado Department of Agriculture.
M.	"Owner” means the person or entity owning the livestock and the owner’s officers, members, employees, or agents. 
N.	“RFID” means a radio frequency identification device used as individual identification of livestock.
O.	"State Veterinarian” means the veterinarian employed by the Colorado Department of Agriculture and appointed by the Commissioner of Agriculture or his/her representative.
P.	“Uniform Methods and Rules (UM&R)” means the standards set forth by the USDA Animal Plant and Health Inspection Service. For Brucellosis the standards are set forth at (APHIS Bulletin No. 91-45-013), effective October 1, 2003; for Bovine Tuberculosis, the standards are set forth by the USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS Bulletin No. 91-45-011), effective January 1, 2005.
Q.	“USDA Premises Identification Number” means a unique identification number allocated to an owner’s facility or premises by the USDA national repository under the National Animal Identification System.
III.	Approved Feedlot Purpose and Facility Requirements
A.	Colorado Import Approved Feedlots may import cattle from states with Class A Brucellosis status or Modified Accredited Advanced Tuberculosis status or areas within a state that have increased disease risk as determined by the State Veterinarian without required import tests, or vaccinations, official IDs, or any other requirements according to USDA’s animal disease traceability requirements upon obtaining a Colorado Import Approved Feedlot Entry Permit from the state veterinarian. In order to obtain a Colorado Import Approved Feedlot Entry Permit, an accredited veterinarian in the state of origin shall forward a Certificate of Veterinary Inspection, evidencing inspection of the livestock to be imported, to the state veterinarian and obtain an entry permit to be used for import into a Colorado Import Approved Feedlot. CVI, import permit, and other necessary import requirements. 
B.	Colorado Import Approved Feedlot Facility Requirements:
1.	The entire Colorado Import Approved Feedlot shall allow no provisions for prevent pasturing or grazing of any livestock and. The Approved Feedlot shall be dry-lot feeding only.
2.	The Colorado Import Approved Feedlot shall have no perimeter fence line contact with livestock outside the feedlot.
3.	The entire feedlot shall be a Colorado Import Approved Feedlot except when the State Veterinarian approves portions therein that are segregated and have separate provisions for loading, unloading, processing, feeding, watering, and treatment of livestock therein.
4.	The end disposition of all cattle within Colorado Import Approved Feedlots shall be slaughter only., although uUpon approval of the sState vVeterinarian the a Colorado Import Approved Feedlot may move cattle to another registered Colorado Import Approved Feedlot. All cattle exiting the an Approved Feedlot shall may not be moved without a current Brand Inspection certificate, when and where required, and shall only be moved to a USDA Food Safety Inspection Service or other slaughter plant approved by the sState vVeterinarian or to another Colorado Import Approved Feedlot.
IV.	Livestock Facility and Individual Animal Identification Requirements 
A.	All Colorado Import Approved Feedlots shall have a USDA NAIS Premises Identification Number.
B.	All cattle contained within Colorado Import Approved Feedlots shall be identified with an approved individual animal official identification ear tag device or other individual ear tag approved by the sState vVeterinarian.
C.	All cattle imported from other states shall have either an approved individual animal official identification ear tag device that denotes the state of origin or an approved individual animal any other identification ear tag that through device, approved by the State Veterinarian that enables approved feedlot inventory records to adequately denotes the state of origin and the previous owner or previous location of the livestock.
V.	Approved Feedlot Registration
A.	A feedlot may apply to the sState vVeterinarian in order to be registered as a Colorado Import Approved Feedlot. The application shall be on a form designated by the sState vVeterinarian. 
B.	The Colorado Import Approved Feedlot shall may not become registered until the Colorado Department of Agriculture has received and approved the feedlot’s application on a form designated by the state veterinarian and until a representative of the sState vVeterinarian has performed an on-site inspection of the applicant’s facility. Such on-site inspection shall insure that the feedlot meets the facility requirements and demonstrates the ability to comply with the individual animal identification requirements and approved feedlot facility record-keeping requirements as set forth herein.
C.	The registration of an approved feedlot shall expire one year remain active from the date of issuance unless:
1.	The feedlot fails to meet the minimum facility, animal identification, record-keeping or other requirements in which case the sState vVeterinarian may rescind the Colorado Import Approved Feedlot registration; or
2.	The approved feedlot voluntarily relinquishes its Colorado Import Approved Feedlot registration. In the event the Approved Feedlot voluntarily relinquishes its registration, the Approved Feedlot shall be required to meet all minimum requirements of this rule until all imported livestock from Class A or Modified Accredited Advanced states have exited in the Approved Feedlot at the time of relinquishment have exited the facility to approved slaughter facilities or to other approved import facilities Colorado Approved Feedlot.
D.	A Colorado Import Approved Feedlots may apply for re-registration prior to the termination of its then-current registration shall be inspected for appropriate record keeping and other compliance annually or as deemed necessary by the State Veterinarian. 
VI.	Colorado Import Approved Feedlot Record-Keeping Requirements
A.	Colorado Import Approved Feedlots shall keep an inventory of all livestock confined on the registered facility.
B.	Colorado Import Approved feedlots shall keep records through brand inspection of all cattle exiting the facility to approved slaughter facilities.
C.	Colorado Import Approved Feedlots shall reconcile inventories of cattle to include cattle that enter the feedlot, mortalities, realizer cattle, and cattle that exit the facility to approved slaughter facilities or to other Colorado Import Approved Feedlots.
D.	Records shall be made available to a representative of the sState vVeterinarian annually or as requested by the sState vVeterinarian.
VII.	Rule Exception
A.	The Colorado State Veterinarian may grant an exception to this rule only on an individual basis. 
Part 5:	Brucella Ovis
I.	Introduction
Brucella ovis is a bacteria which causes the disease known as Rram Eepididymitis in breeding rams. It is principally spread from ram to ram during the non-breeding season. The disease causes decreased fertility or sterility in affected rams. This results in economic losses to sheep producers in the form of reduced lamb crops, a lengthened breeding season, an increased number of rams required to service a flock of breeding ewes, and the increased costs from replacing infected rams.
No effective vaccine is available to prevent this disease. The only effective means of controlling the disease at the current time is to test the rams with the ELISA an approved test described in these regulations and remove the positive rams from the flock. These regulations are necessary to prevent transmission of the disease due to movement of positive rams from one flock to another within the State of Colorado.
II.	Definitions
A.	“Approved laboratory” means a laboratory approved by the State Veterinarian to conduct testing for Brucella ovis.
B.	“Approved test” means a test approved by the State Veterinarian for the diagnosis of Brucella ovis in test eligible rams.
C.	“Brucella ovis exposed ram” means any test negative or untested test eligible ram which has been in contact with a ram that tests positive to approved test within the last 30 days.
D.	“Brucella ovis free flock” means a flock of sheep in which all test eligible rams six months of age and older have passed two negative serology tests at least 45 to 120 days apart. After the initial testing, an annual negative test of all test eligible rams is required to maintain the Brucella ovis free status.
E.	“Brucella ovis reactor eartag” means an eartag used to identify rams that test positive to an approved Brucella ovis test. The design and color of the Brucella ovis slaughter only eartag shall be approved by the State Veterinarian and shall be supplied through the Colorado Department of Agriculture.
F.	“Brucella ovis reactor ram” means a ram that tests positive to an approved Brucella ovis test.
G.	“Brucella ovis slaughter only eartag” means an eartag used to identify Brucella ovis exposed rams or untested rams. The design and color of the Brucella ovis slaughter only eartag shall be approved by the State Veterinarian and shall be supplied through the Colorado Department of Agriculture.
H.	"Designated Colorado Approved feedlot" means a confined area approved and recorded by the State Veterinarian or authorized agent. The designated approved feedlot shall be maintained for finish feeding of rams in dry lot with no provisions for pasturing or grazing. Rams leaving an designated approved feedlot shall move directly to slaughter under a VS-127 permit.
I.	“ELISA” test means the enzyme linked immunoassay test. 
J.	“Scrapie tag” means the official tag issued by USDA APHIS for use in the Scrapie Disease Eradication Program. These tags are unique for the premises of origin and unique for individual animal identification. These tags are required for change of ownership and movement across state lines and should also be used in B. ovis disease testing and eradication. 
J.	“Individual identification” means a metal eartag approved by the APHIS Administrator with nine alpha numeric characters to provide unique individual identification, or any other identification device designated by the Colorado Department of Agriculture.
K.	“Hold order” means a written notice or order issued pursuant to Section 35-50-103(5) C.R.S. (2005 Colo. Sess. Laws Chapter 132, page 447) when the results of tests are pending.
L.	“National Animal Identification System (NAIS)” means a national program intended to identify specific animals and premises in the United States developed by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), state agencies and the livestock industry. This system is designed to enable traceback of any diseased or exposed animal.
M.	"Quarantine" means a written notice or order issued by an authorized agent of the Colorado Department of Agriculture showing the boundaries of the area or premises affected, the animals restricted and the conditions, if any. 
N.	“RFID” means a radio frequency identification device used as individual identification of livestock.
O K.	“Test eligible ram” means any ram six months of age and older.
P.	“VS-127 permit” means the official USDA Veterinary Services permit used in transportation under sealed conveyance. A state or federal animal health official or designee shall seal the conveyance at its origin and break the seal only at the destination.
III.	Requirements for Laboratory Testing
A.	All rams six months of age, and older, which that are sold transferred, leased, or loaned for breeding purposes or flock certification, shall be tested eligible prior to any such transfer, lease, or loan. 
B.	All blood samples must be submitted to an approved laboratory for testing. 
C.	Individual Official identification of the rams must be recorded and accompany all blood samples to the approved laboratory whether for official or unofficial testing.
D.	Official tests for Brucella ovis: All sample collection for interstate or intrastate sale or transfer of breeding rams or to qualify rams for a Brucella ovis free flock must be performed by an accredited veterinarian. 
E.	Unofficial tests for Brucella ovis: An owner may collect blood samples from rams and have the samples tested at an approved laboratory. This test cannot be used for sale or transfer of breeding rams or to qualify rams for a Brucella ovis free flock
F.	The test methodology shall be approved by the State Veterinarian.
IV.	Requirements for Sale or Transfer, Lease, or Loan
A.	No person may sell transfer, lease, or loan a test eligible ram, six months or older for breeding purposes in the Sstate of Colorado, unless said ram has been tested for Brucella ovis within 30 days prior to the date of the sale, transfer, lease, or loan and unless such test result is negative. It shall be the responsibility of the seller owner to provide necessary official test records to the buyer recipient at the time of sale transfer, lease, or loan. 
B.	Rams from Brucella ovis free flocks, as defined herein, may be sold transferred, leased, or loaned without a test. A copy of the current Brucella ovis Free Certificate shall be provided to the buyer recipient and the certificate number recorded on the certificate of veterinary inspection if such inspection is required. 
C.	No Brucella ovis exposed ram may be sold transferred, leased, or loaned for breeding purposes within the State of Colorado, unless all exposed rams in the flock either test negative, are sent to slaughter, or are castrated as in accordance with provisions of Section VI.B of this Part 5 of these rules.
V.	Public Livestock Auction Market Sales (Auctions)
A.	All test eligible rams six months of age and older that arrive at market without proof of an official negative Brucella ovis test, as in Section III.D., completed within 30 days of the sale date, shall be identified with an official Brucella ovis slaughter only eartag supplied by the Colorado Department of Agriculture or with a paint brand on the top of the back. This brand shall be a “Q” not less than 4 inches in height. 
B.	Rams arriving at market without official identification shall have an official identification device applied. The market veterinarian or designee shall apply a standard USDA metal eartag scrapie tag as a second form of positive identification when the Brucella ovis slaughter only eartag is applied.
VI.	Quarantine of Test Positive Rams and Premises
A.	All confirmed test positive Brucella ovis rams and all exposed rams shall be immediately placed under quarantine, and will continue remain under quarantine until such positive rams are either castrated, are sent to slaughter, or are sold for direct slaughter under a VS-127 permit transferred to an Approved Feedlot. Exposed rams which that are isolated from all known infected rams may be tested and classified as negative to two consecutive with an official Brucella ovis tests, 60 to 120 days apart at least 45 days after isolation.
B.	Upon completion of the above requirements and receipt of the following information the quarantine shall be released by the State Veterinarian may release the quarantine.
1.	Official test results of the two consecutive a negative tests 60-120 at least 45 days apart on after isolation from all exposed positive rams; or;
2.	VS-127 pPermits where exposed rams were transported directly to slaughter or to a sale for direct slaughter; or
3.	An affidavit, written statement from the owner, or the owner’s manager, or operator or that person’s veterinarian, stating that all reactor or exposed rams were castrated. The affidavit written statement shall include the identification numbers of the castrated rams.
VII.	Requirements for the Identification and Disposition of Exposed or Infected Rams
A.	Prior to sale all transfer, lease, or loan any Brucella ovis exposed rams, and all untested test eligible rams six months of age or older (not originating from a Brucella ovis free flock), shall be identified by the following methods:
1.	With an official Brucella ovis slaughter only eartag and; or 
2.	With a paint brand on the top of the back. This brand shall be a "Q" not less than 4 inches in height.
B.	Any ram found to be positive on the ELISA test or any other approved test for Brucella ovis shall be identified with an official Brucella ovis reactor eartag and or with a paint brand on top of the back. This brand shall be an “R Q” not less than 4 inches in height. All reactor rams shall be sold directly to slaughter under a VS-127 permit or moved to an Designated Approved Feedlot under a VS-127 permit or be castrated and then sold or moved without restriction. 
Part 9:	Trichomoniasis 
I.	Introduction
The purpose of this rule is to prevent the introduction of and to control the spread of the bovine venereal disease Ttrichomoniasis, specifically Tritrichomonas foetus (Trichomonas fetus or T. fetus) infection. These rules concerning the control of Bovine Trichomoniasis are adopted pursuant to §§ 35-50-105(3)(a), (b), (c), (f), (h), (j), (n), (p), and (q), C.R.S.
II.	Definitions
A.	ACCEPTABLE SPECIMEN “Acceptable Specimen” means a specimen determined satisfactory for diagnostic testing by the testing approved laboratory, including complete documentation.
B.	ACCREDITED VETERINARIAN means an individual who is currently licensed to practice veterinary medicine and is accredited by the United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, in accordance with 9 Code of Federal Regulations § 161 (2002) in the state where that veterinarian practices.
B.	“Colorado Approved Feedlot” shall have the meaning set forth in Part 3 of these rules.
C.	APPOVED FEEDLOT means a dry lot feeding facility approved by the State Veterinarian where positive T. fetus bulls or bovine females from a T. fetus positive herd may be fed prior to quarantine release or slaughter and where there is no sexual contact with the opposite sex Bovine. 
D C.	APPROVED LABORATORY “Approved Labatory” means any laboratory designated and approved by the State Veterinarian for examining testing T. fetus samples.
E D.	BOVINE “Bovine” means any sexually intact male and or female animal of the genus Bos.
F.	CERTIFICATE OF VETERINARY INSPECTION (CVI) shall have the same meaning as set forth in Part 1 of these rules, “Standards of Livestock Certificates of Veterinary Inspection.”
G E.	COLORADO COMMUTER PERMIT “Colorado Commuter Permit” means a permit issued by the Colorado State Veterinarian’s Office to Colorado livestock producers who utilize use pasture lands and other livestock operations in one or more states that are contiguous to Colorado.
H F.	COMMINGLE as used in this context “Commingle” means having both male and female bovines that belong to different owners in the same enclosure or pasture where such animals would have a reasonable opportunity for sexual contact.
I G.	COMPLETE HERD TEST – “Complete Herd Test” means an official T. fetus test from each non-virgin bull in a herd of all breeding-age bulls as determined by the State Veterinarian.
J H.	DIRECTLY TO SLAUGHTER “Directly to Slaughter” means transporting an animal to a slaughter plant after loading into a transit device without unloading prior to arrival at the destination slaughter plant.
K I.	HERD “Herd” means a group of animals consisting of all bovines over 12 months of age (male and female) that have commingled for any period of time during the last 12 months.
L J.	IMPORT PERMIT “Import Permit” means a document issued by the State Veterinarian’s office authorizing specific livestock movements into Colorado. Permits expire 30 days after issuance and are not transferable.
M K.	OFFICIAL T. FETUS BULL TEST “Official T. Fetus Bull Test” means the sampling of the preputial content of a bull by an accredited veterinarian or a veterinarian employed by USDA or Colorado Department of Agriculture in order to perform an official T. Fetus PCR test. Such test must be conducted after a 30 day separation from all female bovine. The bull and sample must be positively and individually identified and documented for laboratory submission.
N L.	OFFICIAL T. FETUS CULTURE TEST “Official T. Fetus Culture Test” means a method approved by the State Veterinarian that utilizes a suitable growth medium to propagate Trichomonas spp.
O M.	OFFICIAL T. FETUS LABORATORY TESTING “Official T. Fetus Laboratory Testing” means the laboratory procedures that shall be approved by the State Veterinarian for culture and identification of T. fetus, which must be followed by an approved laboratory when testing for T. Fetus.
P N L.	OFFICIAL T. FETUS PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) TEST “Official T. Fetus Test PCR test (Polymerase Chain Reaction)” means a method approved by the State Veterinarian that detects, through in vitro amplification, the presence of T. fetus DNA.
Q.	QUARANTINE means movement restriction issued by a regulatory veterinarian that shall be placed on all cattle in a positive T. fetus herd. Such restriction shall specify the identity of the animals and the premises where the animals shall be confined.
R.	QUARANTINE RELEASE means a release from quarantine issued by the State Veterinarian after a herd has completed all regulatory requirements to eliminate T. fetus infection in that herd and once that herd is no longer classified as a positive herd.
S O M.	POSITIVE T. FETUS BULL “Positive T. Fetus Bull” means a bull that has had a positive T. fetus test.
T P N.	POSITIVE T. FETUS HERD “Positive T. Fetus Herd”  means the group of all bovines which that have commingled in the previous breeding season and in which group any animal bovine (male or female) has had a positive diagnosis for T. fetus.
U Q O.	NEGATIVE T. FETUS BULL “Negative T. Fetus Bull”  means a bull that qualifies by one of the following: a) originates from a herd not known to be infected and which herd has had a negative official T. fetus bull test within the last year; b) originates from a positive herd but has had a series of three negative official T. fetus culture bull tests or a series of two negative official T. fetus PCR bull tests at intervals of at least one week; or c) has an negative import permit and a negative in-state official T. fetus bull PCR test.
V P.	REGULATORY VETERINARIAN “Regulatory Veterinarian” means the State Veterinarian or his or her designee. This may be a state or USDA employed veterinarian or any accredited veterinarian holding a current state license to practice veterinary medicine.
W.	STATE VETERINARIAN means the veterinarian designated by the Commissioner of the Colorado Department of Agriculture as the director of the Division of Animal Industry, Colorado Department of Agriculture.
X Q.	SUSPECT T. FETUS BULL “Suspect T. Fetus Bull”  means a bull from a positive T. fetus herd that has not yet had three consecutive negative official culture T. fetus bull tests or has not yet had two consecutive negative official T. fetus PCR bull tests.
Y R.	TRICHOMONAS FETUS (OR T. FETUS) “Trichomonas Fetus (or T. Fetus)” means a contagious venereal protozoan parasite disease of the Tritrichomonas foetus species that causes infertility, pyometra, abortions, and reproductive inefficiency in female bovine.
Z S.	UNACCEPTABLE SAMPLE “Unacceptable Sample” means a sample that is deemed not diagnostic by the official approved testing laboratory.
AA.	USDA FORM 1-27 means a form used to designate the restricted movement of livestock; these livestock are moved under sealed conveyances accompanied by this form. The form is issued by a regulatory veterinarian and specifies the owner, owner’s address, owner’s telephone, premises affected, number, breed, age, sex, positive unique individual identification, and destination of animals included.
BB.	VIRGIN BULL means a sexually intact male bovine less than 12 months of age or a sexually intact male bovine between 12 and 18 months of age if accompanied by signed affidavit from the owner/manager as having had no potential breeding contact with females.
CC.	VIRGIN BULL AFFIDAVIT means a signed affidavit from the owner/manager stating that the identified bull(s) are between 12 and 18 months of age and have had no potential breeding contact with females.
III.	Import Rules
A.	Bulls
1.	All bulls 12 18 months of age and over older that are entering into Colorado must be accompanied by a CVI, an import permit, and a negative official T. fetus PCR  test within thirty 60 days prior to entry. Exemptions to the requirement for having a negative official T. fetus PCR  test  360 days prior to import are the following:
a)	transient rodeo or exhibition (show) bulls, which shall that will have no sexual contact with a female bovine and are that will be held in a secure facility to prevent such contact (does not include pasture) while in Colorado;
b)	bulls consigned directly to slaughter; or
c)	virgin bulls that have a Colorado commuter permit obtained from the Colorado State Veterinarian’s Office and which includes a virgin bull affidavit signed by the bull’s owner; or
d c)	bulls consigned to an Approved Feedlot for feeding purposes where they will be isolated from all females. Any known positive T. fetus bull quarantined in a feedlot shall go directly to slaughter from such feedlot.
2.	If the pre-entry test is conducted at a facility other than a laboratory approved by the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians (AAVLD) or the Colorado State Veterinarian, an in-state, post-entry official T. fetus bull PCR test shall be required within 10 days of entry into Colorado.
3.	No bull that has ever previously tested positive for T. fetus shall enter Colorado unless the bull is consigned directly to slaughter and is individually identified for movement on a USDA, VS Form 1-27.
4.	No bull from a known positive T. fetus herd shall enter Colorado unless the bull has three consecutive negative official T. fetus culture tests or two consecutive negative official T. fetus PCR tests at least a week apart within 30 days prior to entry and an in-state, post-entry official T. fetus PCR test within 10 days of entry into Colorado. Bulls must be isolated from all females until the in-state test results are known.
5.	Bulls that must be separated and identified shall be identified consistent with procedures set forth in section VI of these rules.
6.	Each CVI issued for bulls covered under this rule shall bear one of the following statements:
a)	“Trichomonas fetus has not been diagnosed in the herd of origin”; or
b)	“The bull(s) represented on this CVI have had a series of three negative official T. fetus culture bull tests or a series of two negative official T. fetus PCR bull tests at intervals of at least one week within 30 days prior to entry and there has been no female contact since the first qualifying test.”
7.	The veterinarian issuing the CVI shall record the test lab, the test results, the date of the official T. fetus tests for the bull(s) represented on the CVI, and send a copy of the CVI to the Colorado State Veterinarian’s office.
B.	Reproductive Bovine Female
1.	No female bovine originating from a known positive T. fetus herd will be allowed to enter Colorado. Exceptions include the following:
a)	Those on the premises of origin in which there were three consecutive negative official T. fetus culture tests or two consecutive negative official T. fetus PCR tests of the entire bull population, and the only allowed females are those that: 
1)	have a calf at side and no exposure to other than known negative bulls since parturition; 
2)	are at least 120 days pregnant; 
3)	are known virgin heifers; or
4)	are documented to have had at least 120 days of sexual isolation; or.
5)	are heifers exposed only to known negative bulls and not yet 120 days pregnant. No other female will be allowed entry into Colorado for breeding purposes from such herds.
b)	Those consigned directly to slaughter or to an aApproved fFeedlot.
c)	No other female will be allowed entry into Colorado for breeding purposes from such herds.
2.	Bovine breeding females must have the following statement placed on the CVI and signed by the owner/, manager, or operator of the herd of origin.
a)	“The cows listed on this CVI did not originate from a known positive Trichomonas fetus herd”; or 
b)	“The cows listed on this CVI are at least 120 days pregnant”; or 
c)	“The cows listed on this CVI originated from a positive Trichomonas fetus herd and are consigned for slaughter”; or
d c)	“The heifers listed on this CVI were exposed for their first breeding only to a known negative T. fetus bull or artificially inseminated and are not yet 120 days pregnant”; or
e d)	“The females listed on this CVI have had at least 120 days of sexual isolation immediately preceding the date of their movement into Colorado.”; or
e)	“The cows listed on this CVI originated from a positive Trichomonas fetus herd and are consigned for slaughter”. 
C.	Commuter Permitted Cattle
1.	Bulls must be tested annually after a separation of at least 30 days from all female bovine. All bulls must be negative to an official T. fetus PCR test to be eligible to have a commuter permit issued for the following year. All purchased bulls added to the herd shall comply with test provisions. Exemptions would be virgin bulls between 12 and 24 months of age that have a current Colorado Commuter Permit obtained from the Colorado State Veterinarian’s Office, which includes a virgin bull affidavit signed by the bulls’ owner.
2.	In any herd, should a bull be a positive T. fetus bull, it shall be identified and sold to slaughter only.
a)	All remaining bulls must test negative on three consecutive official T. fetus culture tests or two consecutive negative official T. fetus PCR tests taken at least one week apart.
b)	Only females that have a calf at side and that have no exposure to other than known negative T. fetus bulls since parturition, are at least 120 days pregnant, are known virgin heifers, or are heifers exposed only to known negative bulls and not yet 120 days pregnant shall be allowed to accompany the commuting herd. Other open cows shall be sold to slaughter, moved to a Colorado import approved feedlot (as set forth in Part 3 of the Livestock Disease Control Rules), or held in sexual isolation for a 120 day period.
D.	Import Permit
1.	All bulls 12 months of age and older must obtain an import permit, which will be recorded on the CVI.
2.	All non-OCV breeding cows must obtain an import permit, which will be recorded on the CVI.
E.	Public Livestock Sales (Auctions)
1.	All out-of-state bulls 12 months of age and older must be accompanied by an import permit.
2.	All in-state bulls that are 18 months of age and older or out-of-state bulls that are 12 months of age and older shall be accompanied by a negative official laboratory T. fetus PCR test, conducted within 30 days prior to sale. In-state bulls between 12 – 18 months of age shall be accompanied by a virgin bull affidavit or a negative official laboratory T. fetus test conducted within 30 days prior to sale. Any bull 18 months or older presented for sale without test or virgin bull affidavit report may be placed under quarantine and tested at the livestock sale premises or at the Colorado purchaser’s premises within 10 days of sale. Bulls shall be isolated from all females until the in-state test results are known.
3.	All bulls not qualifying as above (III.E.2) will be announced in the sale ring as “slaughter only” and so designated on the buyer’s documents. Such bulls shall be identified with a back tag or reasonable method approved by the State Veterinarian designating them as having no T. fetus test prior to being offered for sale. All bulls not qualifying as above in III.E.2 (bulls at a livestock sale premises without an official T. fetus PCR test) shall be sold directly to slaughter or to an aApproved fFeedlot.
4.	Bovine breeding females shall be accompanied by one of the following statements signed by the owner or, manager,  or operator of the herd of origin, on the CVI or other suitable document. In the absence of one of these statements, any female bovine over the age of 12 months shall be consigned and sold to slaughter (or quarantined feed for slaughter) only.
a)	“The cows listed on this document did not originate from a known positive Trichomonas fetus herd”; or
b)	“The heifers on this document have been exposed to only known negative bulls, and are not yet 120 days pregnant”; or
c)	“The cows listed on this document are at least 120 days pregnant”; or
d)	“The females offered for sale have had at least 120 days of sexual isolation immediately preceding the date of their transfer of ownership”; or
d e)	“The cows listed on this document originate from a positive Trichomonas fetus herd and are consigned for slaughter.”
F.	Identification Requirements
1.	Bulls that must be separated and identified for purposes of this section shall be identified consistent with procedures set forth in section VI of these rules.
IV.	Intrastate Breeding bulls
A.	All in-state bulls between 12 – 18 months of age shall be accompanied by a virgin bull affidavit or a negative official laboratory T. fetus test conducted within 30 days prior to change of ownership or change of possession under lease. All bulls 18 months and older must have a negative official T. fetus PCR test within 360 days of prior to change of ownership or change of possession under lease. Bulls shall not be exposed to females at the new premises until the results of the test are known. Any bull with a positive test shall be immediately quarantined. The quarantine shall be in effect until the bull is sent to slaughter. The positive T. fetus bull’s herd of origin will be placed under quarantine a hold order. The hold or quarantine order will be released in accordance with the regulatory section of this rule.
V.	Regulatory Action
A.	Public Grazing & Grazing Associations
1.	All breeding bulls commingling in grazing associations, regardless of whether public or private associations, or on public lands, regardless if private or multiple user permits, shall have the official T. fetus bull test conducted annually. Virgin bulls added to a herd are exempt from testing requirements during their first breeding season. Negative bulls shall be identified as in VI.A. below.
a)	If any bull is found positive, the entire bull population, regardless of owners, manager, or operator, will be required to have three consecutive negative official T. fetus cultures or two consecutive negative official T. fetus PCR tests prior to turn out time. Any stray non-virgin bull from an untested group that enters the grazing area of tested animals may be held under quarantine until the bull has one or more official T. fetus PCR test(s) conducted. The test(s) shall be the responsibility of the bull’s owner. The conditions of the quarantine and number of tests will be determined by the State Veterinarian.
B.	Positive T. Fetus Bull & Herd
1.	Any confirmed T. fetus bovine and its herd (as defined by state animal health officials) shall immediately be placed under quarantine, and will remain under quarantine as follows:
a)	Positive T. fetus bulls shall be identified with an official Positive T. fetus test tag by an approved veterinarian within 5 days of diagnosis.
b)	Positive T. fetus bulls shall be quarantined and then sent directly to slaughter or to public livestock market for slaughter only or to an Approved Feedlot.
c)	All other bulls in a positive T. fetus herd shall remain quarantined until they have tested negative to three consecutive official T. fetus culture tests or two consecutive negative official T. fetus PCR tests at least one week apart. The initial negative official T. fetus PCR test is included in the series of negative tests required.
C.	Reproductive Bovine Females from a Positive T. fetus Herd
1.	Females over 12 months of age (not known to be virgin heifers) from a positive T. fetus herd may be sold directly to slaughter or quarantined on the premises of origin. Individual females will be released from quarantine when there are three consecutive negative official T. fetus culture tests or two consecutive negative official T. fetus PCR tests of the entire bull population and the cow(s) has a calf at side (with no exposure to other than known negative T. fetus bulls since parturition), has documented 120 days of sexual isolation, or is determined by an accredited veterinarian to be at least 120 days pregnant. 
2.	Heifers known to be virgin at the time of turnout, or heifers exposed only to known negative T. fetus bulls and not yet 120 days pregnant, are allowed may remain within the herd.
2 3.	Open females shall be sold to slaughter, moved to an aApproved fFeedlot, or held in isolation from all bulls for 120 days. Any female sold to slaughter through a livestock market shall be identified with an official Colorado positive T. fetus tag during the quarantine period.
3 4.	Breeding by artificial insemination with semen from a known negative bull is allowed during the quarantine period, and cows confirmed by an accredited veterinarian to be at least 120 days pregnant as well as cows documented to have 120 days sexual isolation will be released from quarantine.
D.	Management Procedures of T. fetus Positive herds
1.	The State Veterinarian may require additional testing of bulls, pregnancy testing of females, segregation of cattle within a herd, and may hold or quarantine a herd until the owner, lessor, or manager of the herd has complied with any additional requirements set forth by the State Veterinarian.
E.	Management Procedures Regarding Stray Bulls
1.	Any stray bull found on public or private land, from a known or unknown herd of origin, may be confined and placed under a hold order until the bull has one or more official T. fetus PCR test(s) conducted. The test(s) shall be the responsibility of the bull’s owner. The conditions of the hold or quarantine orders and number of tests will be determined by the State Veterinarian.
VI.	Identification
A.	Bulls that have passed the official negative are determined official T. fetus PCR test negative by an official test shall be identified with an official Colorado negative T. fetus tag. Virgin bulls should also be tagged with the official negative T. fetus tag. The official tag shall be embossed with “Colorado Negative T. fetus” and a number. Tags will be supplied by the Colorado Department of Agriculture and be assigned to accredited veterinarians who shall apply such tags at the time samples are collected. The accredited veterinarian shall record any second form of positive identification available or apply an official USDA tag as a secondary identification. The official negative T. fetus tag color shall be changed annually.
B.	Bulls so identified pending negative test results shall be isolated from all females until the test result is reported. The official negative T. fetus tag color shall be changed annually.
C.	The accredited veterinarian shall record the bull’s official identification device on the T. fetus test submission form or apply an official identification device to any bull that does not have one and record it on the T. fetus test submission form.
B D.	Positive T. fetus bulls shall be identified with an official red positive T. fetus tag supplied by the Colorado Department of Agriculture. The accredited veterinarian shall apply or record the existing official USDA ear tag as a second form of positive identification when the positive T. fetus tag is applied.
C E.	Any quarantined cows moved from the original premises of quarantine shall be identified with an official red positive T. fetus ear tag.
VII.	Specimen Collection Facilities
A.	The bull’s owner must provide adequate corrals and restraint to protect the animal and veterinarian from undue injury and risk. The approved accredited veterinarian shall determine the adequacy of such facilities and may require the bulls be delivered to a mutually agreed facility if the owner’s facility is deemed inadequate for specimen collection purposes.
VIII.	Approved Laboratory Responsibilities
A.	An approved laboratory is required to immediately report any positive specimen to the State Veterinarian’s Office. Such report will should include the animal official identification device, brand, owner name, address, telephone number and the submitting veterinarian’s name, address, and telephone number.
B.	In order for trichomoniasis T. fetus testing results to be considered official test results, the packaging and transportation of samples for for trichomoniasis T. fetus testing must explicitly follow the approved laboratory’s protocol for transport of specimens. Failure to follow the appropriate submission protocol and policy may result in an unacceptable sample.
C.	The laboratory shall report unacceptable samples to the State Veterinarian. If any sample is deemed unacceptable the submitting veterinarian shall submit a retest specimen. The State Veterinarian may report the unacceptable samples and the name of the veterinarian who took the unacceptable standards to the Area Veterinarian in Charge USDA Assistant District Director who may report the information to the APHIS Administrator, who shall retain authority to suspend or revoke a veterinarian’s accreditation pursuant to 9 C.F.R. §161.
IX.	Rule Exception
A.	The Colorado State Veterinarian may grant an exception to the requirements of this rule only on an individual basis.
Part 10:	Equine Viral Arteritis
I.	Introduction
The purpose of this rule regarding equine viral arteritis (EVA) is to protect the equine industry of the State of Colorado. Clinical disease due to EAV infection is a reportable disease to the Colorado State Veterinarian. Equine viral arteritis (EVA) is a contagious disease of horses caused by the equine arteritis virus (EAV). EVA is of special economic concern because it can result in abortion in pregnant mares, illness and death in young foals, and establishment of the carrier state in stallions. The import control policies of most countries currently deny entry to carrier stallions and EAV-infective semen because of the associated disease risks. It is important to enable the ability to require testing of some horses prior to vaccination to demonstrate that antibody titers are due to vaccination rather than natural infection. The vast majority of Colorado horses have never been exposed to the virus; therefore, the risk of spread of infection in Colorado is significant.
II.	Definitions 
A.	"Accredited veterinarian" means a veterinarian licensed by the Colorado Department of Regulatory Agencies, Veterinary Medical Examiners and approved by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) in accordance with 9 Code of Federal Regulations § 161 (2002) to perform functions required for state or cooperative state and federal animal disease control and eradication programs. (This rule incoporates by reference 9 Code of Federal Regulations § 161 (2002 ed). This rule does not adopt any later amendments to or editions of this section of the Code. Additionally, anyone seeking to review a copy of the referenced material may contact the executive administrator of the Department of Agriculture located at 700 Kipling St., Ste 4000, Lakewood, Colorado, to learn how this information may be obtained or reviewed. This and any other material that is incorporated by reference may be examined at any state publications depository library.)
B A.	“Approved laboratory" means a laboratory approved by the State Veterinarian to conduct official testing for equine viral arteritis.
C B.	"Book" or "booking" means the contracting or scheduling of a mare to be bred to a stallion.
D C.	“Carrier” means a stallion that has a positive EAV culture virus isolation test or polymerase chain recation reaction (PCR) test from semen.
E D.	"EAV" means equine arteritis virus, the organism which that causes the disease equine viral arteritis.
F E.	"Equine" means a family of Equidae which includes, but is not limited to, horses, asses, jacks, jennies, hennies, mules, donkeys, burros, ponies, and zebras.
G F.	"EVA" means equine viral arteritis, a communicable disease in equine resulting in abortion in pregnant mares, illness and death in young foals, and potential establishment of the carrier state in stallions.
H G.	“Isolated” means the protocols to prevent the transfer of EAV through the appropriate separation, movement controls, and biosecurity procedures approved by the sState vVeterinarian.
I H.	“ISO compliant microchip” means a microchip used to identify individual Equidae that are compliant with the International Organization of Standardization and the National Animal Identification System (NAIS) USDA’s animal disease traceability requirements.
J.	“National Animal Identification System (NAIS)” means a national program intended to identify specific animals and premises in the United States developed by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), state agencies and the livestock industry. This system is designed to enable traceback of the movements of any diseased or exposed animal.
K I.	"Owner" means any person with the legal right of possession or having legal control over any Equidae, and shall include but not be limited to agents, caretakers, and other persons acting on behalf of that person.
L J.	“PCR test” Polymerase chain reaction test to detect EAV in samples.
M K.	“Semen” Secretion or ejaculate from the reproductive tract of a stallion containing spermatozoa and seminal fluid from the accessory sex glands. 
N L.	“Sero-negative test mare” means a mare that has been tested sero-negative (SN titer <1:4) and has been isolated from other horses prior to being bred.
O M.	"Sero-negative" means a horse that has reacted negatively (SN titer <1:4) to a blood test for antibodies to EAV.
P N.	"Sero-positive" means a horse has demonstrated a positive reaction in serum neutralization with a titer of equal to or greater than one (1) to four (4) to a blood test for antibodies to EAV.
Q O.	"Shedder" or "shedding" means an equine has been determined to have EAV in its body and has potential of transmitting the EAV to other equine.
R P.	“Stallion” means a sexually intact male equine.
S Q.	“Standard insemination volume” means 10 ml of semen. 
T R.	“Test breeding” means breeding a suspect carrier stallion to 2 sero-negative mares a minimum of twice a day for 2 – to 4 days in the same estrus period.
U S.	"Vaccinated" or "vaccination" means an equine has been vaccinated with the approved EVA modified live virus vaccine and the vaccination status has been kept current in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations.
V T.	“Vaccinated sero-positive stallion” means a stallion that was sero-negative prior to being vacinated against EVA and which has a positive titer (>1:4) post vaccination.
III.	General EVA Information
A.	All laboratory samples pertaining to this rule shall be submitted by an accredited veterinarian to an approved laboratory.
B.	It is recommended that all breeding stallions be tested for EAV prior to use as a breeding stud or collection for artificial insemination.
C.	It is recommended that frozen semen or semen from unknown stallions be tested negative by virus isolation or PCR prior to being used for artificial insemination. 
IV.	EVA Shedding Stallions 
A stallion is considered to be a carrier if any of the following apply: the virus can be cultured from his semen, if the virus can be detected in his semen by PCR test or if sero-negative mares seroconvert to sero-positive status within 28 days following breeding or insemination.
A stallion known to be a carrier shall not be permitted to breed or be collected for artificial insemination until the sState vVeterinarian determines that the stallion does not pose a risk of transmitting EAV. In making this determination, the sState vVeterinarian shall consider whether the requirements of subsections B. and C. of this section will be complied with by the premises on which the carrier stallion is located. The following restrictions shall apply to a carrier stallion that is permitted to breed or be collected for artificial insemination:
A.	The owner or agent of an EAV carrier stallion shall notify in writing the owner or agent of a mare booked or seeking to book a mare to that stallion that has been classified as an EAV carrier. A written copy of the booking confirmation shall be sent to the sState vVeterinarian.
B.	A carrier stallion shall be housed, handled and bred or collected for artificial insemination in a facility isolated from non-shedding stallions.
C.	A carrier stallion shall be bred to a mare(s) that:
 1.	Have been vaccinated against EVA at least twenty-one (21) days and not more than 1 year prior to being bred; or
2.	Has an existing EAV titer from vaccination or natural exposure to EAV, if the serological for EVA test was performed prior to date of breeding.
V.	Sero-Positive Non-shedding Stallions 
A.	A stallion may be considered to be a ‘vaccinated sero-positive stallion’ if a blood sample collected within 10 days prior to administration of an approved vaccine was negative (SN titer <1:4) for antibodies to EAV. See Section VIII for recommended vaccination protocols. 
B.	It is required that a sero-positive vaccinated stallion that did not have an EVA negative test prior to vaccination comply with one of the following testing procedures to ensure that the stallion is not at risk of transmitting the virus:
1.	A standard insemination volume (10ml) of semen should be collected and either cultured virus isolation tested for EAV or evaluated using a PCR test; or
2.	The stallion should be bred to two (2) mares negative for EAV antibodies. The two (2) mares should have blood collected for an EVA test twenty-eight (28) days after breeding or artificially inseminated from two ejaculates, separately collected. 
The sero-positive stallion would be considered a non-carrier if the semen culture virus isolation tested, semen PCR or test-breeding results are negative. 
C.	A stallion may be considered a ‘non-vaccinated sero-positive stallion’ if the stallion has seroconverted following a natural exposure to the virus. It is required that a non-vaccinated sero-positive stallion be tested as outlined below prior to breeding to ensure that he is not at risk of transmitting the virus.
1.	Semen should be collected and either cultured for EAV tested by virus isolation or evaluated using a PCR test for EAV; or
2.	The stallion should be bred to two (2) mares negative for EAV antibodies. The two (2) mares should have blood collected for an EVA test twenty-eight (28) days after breeding or artificial insemination. 
The sero-positive stallion would will be considered a non-carrier if the semen culture by virus isolation, semen PCR, or test breeding results are is negative.
D.	A stallion previously classified as a carrier stallion may be re-classified as a non-carrier stallion if the following criteria are met:
1.	During the first breeding season following the stallion's classification as a non-carrier, the first five (5) sero-negative mares bred or artificially inseminated using semen collected from separate ejaculates from this stallion shall be test negative to a blood sample collected for an EVA test twenty-eight (28) days after breeding or artificial insemination.
2.	During the second breeding season, the stallion shall be bred to two (2) mares negative for EAV antibodies that will be tested twenty-eight (28) days after breeding or have its semen collected and cultured be virus isolation negative for EAV or have the semen tested negative by PCR for EAV. If the semen culture report virus isolation test or PCR test and blood samples are negative for EAV, there shall not be restrictions placed on a future breeding season.
E.	The final determination that a stallion is not an EAV carrier shall be made based on scientific procedures described in this section and approved by the sState vVeterinarian. Until this determination is made the stallion shall be considered as an EAV carrier. 
VI.	Requirements for Breeding Mares to a Carrier Stallion or Inseminating Mares Wwith Known EAV Infected Semen 
The following guidelines are required when breeding mares to a carrier stallion or inseminating mares with known EAV infected semen.
A.	If a sero-negative mare is to be bred to a carrier stallion for the first time.
1.	It is required that the mare be vaccinated a minimum of twenty-one (21) days prior to the first breeding or artificial insemination by an EAV carrier stallion and subsequently isolated a minimum of twenty-one (21) days after the first breeding or artificial insemination.
a)	During isolation, the mare shall be physically separated from other equine in a separate isolation area approved by the sState vVeterinarian or designated personnel.
b)	After the isolation period, the mare may move without restriction.
B.	Mares that have been vaccinated against EAV or have been bred to an EAV carrier stallion within the previous two (2) years may be re-bred to a carrier stallion but should be isolated for a minimum of twenty-one (21) days after breeding as noted above. 
C.	When a mare bred to a carrier stallion is returned to the premises of origin within 21 days of breeding, it shall be in a transport vehicle or trailer by herself or with other sero-positive horses. Upon returning to the premises of origin, the transport vehicle or trailer and equipment used to move the mare must be immediately cleaned and disinfected according to procedures approved by the sState vVeterinarian.
 VII.	Actions for Newly Diagnosed Sero-positive Stallions
A stallion infected with EAV during the breeding season shall immediately cease breeding or immediately cease having semen collected for artificial insemination or semen collected and stored for future use. Since EVA is a reportable disease in the State of Colorado, the sState vVeterinarian must be immediately notified in the event of clinical EVA disease demonstrated by a positive laboratory test on serum or semen. An owner or agent with a mare booked or bred to a stallion that became infected with EAV during the breeding season shall be immediately notified in writing by the stallion's owner or agent. A copy of the written notification shall be sent to the sState vVeterinarian. A stallion infected with EAV during the breeding season shall be classified as an EAV carrier and shall be handled according to the requirements of this rule. Following the stallion's classification as a carrier, the  sState vVeterinarian may reclassify the stallion as a non-carrier in accordance with this rule.
VIII.	Equine Vaccinated Against EVA
Following are the recommendations that will provide for a more effective program for mares or stallions to be vaccinated for EVA in Colorado:
•	The equine owner’s facility should have an NAIS premises registration a premises identification number (PIN).
•	The mare or stallion receiving EVA vaccine should have an ISO compliant microchip implanted according to NAIS standards USDA’s animal disease traceability requirements.
•	That mares be tested for antibodies to EAV prior to an initial EVA vaccination.
•	Testing for antibodies in blood of mares be submitted to an approved veterinary laboratory.
•	A certificate documenting the mare has been vaccinated be sent to the sState vVeterinarian within seven (7) days of the vaccination date.
•	The EVA vaccination certificate for mares be on a form prescribed by the sState vVeterinarian.
•	The prior negative EVA test and vaccination of intact colts between 6-12 months of age and of adult teaser stallions.
Following are the requirements for mares or stallions to be vaccinated with EVA vaccine in Colorado:
•	Testing of stallions for antibodies in blood or evidence of EAV in semen shall be submitted to an approved veterinary laboratory. 
•	Stallions vaccinated for the first time against EVA shall be test negative to a blood sample collected by an accredited veterinarian prior to vaccination.
•	Stallions vaccinated for the first time against EVA shall have the EVA vaccine administered by an accredited veterinarian within ten (10) days after the sample collection date.
•	A certificate documenting that the stallion has been vaccinated shall be sent to the sState vVeterinarian within seven (7) days of the vaccination date.
•	The EVA vaccination certificate for stallions shall be on a form prescribed by sState vVeterinarian.
•	All equids vaccinated for the first time against EVA shall not have direct exposure to an EVA affected animal or a pregnant mare for twenty-one (21) days after vaccination.
•	A vaccinated stallion shall not be used for breeding or artificial insemination within twenty-eight (28) days after vaccination. A vaccinated mare shall not be bred within twenty-one (21) days of vaccination. 
IX.	EVA Test Mares 
A.	An EVA test mare shall be isolated from the other equine and under the supervision of the sState vVeterinarian if the mare becomes:
1.	Clinically affected with EVA after breeding or artificial insemination; or
2.	Sero-positive after breeding or artificial insemination.
B.	An isolated mare shall be released from isolation by the sState vVeterinarian after:
1.	Twenty-eight (28) days in isolation and providing test results are negative; or
2.	The spread of EAV is no longer a risk, whichever is longer.
Part 11	Rule Exception
A.	The Commissioner of Agriculture or his designee, the Colorado State Veterinarian, may grant exceptions to any portion of this rule when disease management standards permit or require.
B.	Any such exception will be limited to individual cases. 
Parts 11 12 – 15:	Reserved
Part 16:	Statements of Basis, Specific Statutory Authority and Purpose
VIII.	Adopted: November 12, 2014 – Effective: December 30, 2014
SPECIFIC STATUTORY AUTHORITY
The specific statutory authority of this rule is located in §§ 35-50-105(3)(a) through (d), (f), (h), (j), (n), (p), and (q), C.R.S., which cumulatively grant authority to the Commissioner of Agriculture, upon approval by the Colorado Agricultural Commission, to adopt rules related to designations of livestock disease for control and reporting purposes; health standards for importation of livestock; standards for livestock health certificates; livestock testing for contagious or infectious disease; standards for disease surveillance among and in livestock; the forma and manner of disease reporting; standards and requirements for disease prevention; and livestock disease prevention.
Purpose
The purpose of this rule-making is to provide revisions to portions of the current Livestock Disease Control rules that will make the rules easier to read and understand while updating the rules to reflect changes in disease detection, surveillance, testing, and monitoring. These changes in this rule-making reflect the efforts of the reviewers to achieve the dual goal of protecting Colorado’s livestock industry from disease while providing an environment where that industry may thrive.
In this rule-making, the reviewers focused on Parts 1, 2, 3, 5, 9, and 10. Generally, duplicative definitions from the rule were moved to an opening section, “Definitions.” This section will apply to the entire rule except where a more specific definition remains or is set forth within a specific Part. Throughout the changed rules, the reviewers sought to clarify sentences, update language, removed duplicative terms, and increase readability.
Factual Policy and Issues
Since the time that these rules were last reviewed, the USDA has finalized its disease traceability requirements. The changes to USDA’s rules effected changes in these rules. These changes come into these rules in new definitions and in changes to requirements for CVIs, movement between states, and movement between Approved Feedlots.
Additionally, these rule changes represent the most current veterinary science related to disease transmissibility, prevention, and monitoring.
These revisions incorporate changes as a result of the Department’s Regulatory Efficiency Review Process conducted in accordance with the Governor’s Executive Order D 2012-002.