DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENT
Hazardous Materials and Waste Management Division
6 CCR 1007-1
State Board of Health
RULES AND REGULATIONS PERTAINING TO RADIATION CONTROL
PART 9
RADIATION SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR PARTICLE ACCELERATORS NOT USED IN THE HEALING ARTS
RH 9.1	Purpose and Scope.
9.1.1	AUTHORITY.
RULES AND REGULATIONS SET FORTH HEREIN ARE ADOPTED PURSUANT TO THE PROVISIONS OF SECTIONS 25‑1‑108, 25‑1.5‑101(1)(L), AND 25‑11‑104, CRS.
9.1.2	BASIS AND PURPOSE.
A STATEMENT OF BASIS AND PURPOSE ACCOMPANIES THIS PART AND CHANGES TO THIS PART.  A COPY MAY BE OBTAINED FROM THE DEPARTMENT.
9.1.3	SCOPE.
This part establishes procedures for the registration and the use of particle accelerators not used in the healing arts.
9.1.24	APPLICABILITY.
In addition to the requirements of this part, all registrants are subject to the applicable requirements of Parts 1, 2, 4, and 10 of these Regulations. Registrants engaged in industrial radiographic operations are subject to the applicable requirements of Part 5 of these Regulations, and registrants engaged in the healing arts are subject to the requirements of Part 20 of these Regulations. Registrants whose operations result in the production of radioactive material are subject to the applicable requirements of Part 3 of these Regulations.
9.1.5	PUBLISHED MATERIAL INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE.
PUBLISHED MATERIAL INCORPORATED IN PART 9 BY REFERENCE IS AVAILABLE IN ACCORD WITH PART 1, SECTION 1.4.
9.2	Definitions.
Reserved.
REGISTRATION PROCEDURE
RH 9.23	Registration Requirements.
9.3.1	No person shall receive, possess, use, transfer, own, or acquire a particle accelerator except as authorized in a registration issued pursuant to Part 2 of these Regulations.
RH 9.3.2	General Requirements for the Issuance of a Registration for A Particle Accelerators.
In addition to the requirements of Part 2 of these Regulations, a registration application for use of a particle accelerator will be approved only if the Department determines that:
9.3.2.1	tThe applicant is qualified by reason of training and experience to use the accelerator in question for the purpose requested in accordance with this part and Parts 4 and 10 of these Regulations in such a manner as to minimize danger to public health and safety or property;
9.3.2.2	tThe applicant's proposed or existing equipment, facilities, and operating and emergency procedures are adequate to protect health and minimize danger to public health and safety or property;
9.3.2.3	tThe issuance of the registration will not be inimical to the health and safety of the public, and the applicant satisfies any applicable special requirement in RH 9.4;
9.3.2.4	tThe applicant has appointed a rRadiation sSafety oOfficer;
9.3.2.5	tThe applicant and the applicant's staff hasVE substantial experience in the use of particle accelerators and training sufficient for application to their intended uses;
9.3.2.6	tThe applicant has established a radiation safety committee to approve, in advance, proposals for uses of particle accelerators, whenever deemed necessary by the Department; and
9.3.2.7	tThe applicant has an adequate training program for operators of particle accelerators.
RADIATION SAFETY REQUIREMENTS FOR THE USE OF PARTICLE ACCELERATORS
9.4	USE.
A registrant shall use the accelerator in accordance with the manufacturer's radiation safety and operating instructions.
9.5	Limitations.
9.5.1	No registrant shall permit any individual to act as an operator of a particle accelerator until such individual HAS:
9.5.1.1	has bBeen instructed in radiation safety and shall have demonstrated an understanding thereof;
9.5.1.2	has rReceived copies of and instruction in this part and the applicable requirements of Parts 4 and 10 of these Regulations, pertinent registration conditions and the registrant's operating and emergency procedures, and shall have demonstrated understanding thereof; and
9.5.1.3	has dDemonstrated competence to use the particle accelerator, related equipment, and survey instruments which will be employed.
RH 9.6	Shielding and Safety Design Requirements.
9.6.1	A qualified expert, registered with the Department, shall be consulted in the design of a particle accelerator installation and called upon to perform a radiation survey when the accelerator is first capable of producing radiation. For the purpose of this section, a qualified expert shall:
9.6.1.1	Be certified by the American Board of Radiology in:
9.6.1.1.1	Radiological Physics; or 
9.6.1.1.2	Therapeutic Radiological Physics;
9.6.1.2	Be certified by the American Board of Medical Physics in Radiological Oncology Physics; or
9.6.1.3	Be certified by the American Board of Health Physics; or
9.6.1.4	Hold a master's or doctor's degree in physics, biophysics, radiological physics, or health physics or medical physics, and have completed one year of documented full time training in radiation protection and also one year of documented full time work experience under the supervision of a qualified expert meeting the criteria in this section.
9.6.2	Each particle accelerator installation shall be provided with such primary and secondary barriers as are necessary to assure compliance with RH 4.6 and RH 4.14 of these Regulations.
RH 9.7	Particle Accelerator Controls and Interlock Systems.
9.7.1	Instrumentation, readouts, and controls on the particle accelerator control console shall be clearly identified and easily discernible.
9.7.2	Each entrance into a target room or other high radiation area shall be provided with a safety interlock that shuts down the machine under conditions of barrier penetration.
9.7.3	Each safety interlock shall be on a circuit which shall allow it to operate independently of all other safety interlocks.
9.7.4	All safety interlocks shall be designed so that any defect or component failure in the safety interlock system prevents operation of the accelerator.
9.7.5	When a safety interlock system has been tripped, it shall only be possible to resume operation of the accelerator after the condition causing the interrupt has been corrected.
9.7.6	A scram button or other emergency power cutoff switch shall be located and easily identifiable in all high radiation areas. Such a cutoff switch shall include a manual reset so that the accelerator cannot be restarted from the accelerator control console without resetting the cutoff switch.
RH 9.8	Warning Devices.
9.8.1	Each location designated as high radiation area, and each entrance to such location, shall be equipped with easily observable warning lights that operate when, and only when, radiation is being produced.
9.8.2	Except in facilities designed for human exposure, each high radiation area shall have an audible warning device which shall be activated for fifteen (15) seconds prior to the possible creation of such high radiation area. Such warning device shall be clearly discernible in all high radiation areas.
9.8.3	Barriers, temporary or otherwise, and pathways leading to high radiation areas shall be posted in accordance with RH 4.28 of these Regulations.
RH 9.9	Operating Procedures.
9.9.1	Particle accelerators, when not in operation, shall be secured to prevent unauthorized use.
9.9.2	The safety interlock system shall not be used to turn off the accelerator beam except in an emergency.
9.9.3	Safety Checks.
9.9.3.1	All safety and warning devices, including interlocks, shall be checked for proper operation at intervals not to exceed three months. Results of such tests shall be maintained at the accelerator facility for inspection by the Department. To satisfy the requirement of RH 9.9.3, safety checks shall assure, as appropriate, proper operation of:
9.9.3.1.1	Electrical interlocks at each room entrance;
9.9.3.1.2	Timer, dose terminator, emergency off and door interlocks;
9.9.3.1.3	Beam condition indicator lights on the accelerator unit, on the control panel, and in the facility;
9.9.3.1.4	Viewing systems;
9.9.3.1.5	Doors from inside and outside the accelerator room; and
9.9.3.1.6	Electrically assisted room doors with the accelerator unit electrical power turned off.
9.9.3.2	A registrant shall promptly repair any system identified in RH 9.9.3.1 that is not operating properly. The accelerator shall not be used until all repairs are completed.
9.9.3.3	Records. A registrant shall maintain a record of each safety check required by RH 9.9.3.1 for three (3) years. The record shall include the date of the safety check, the manufacturer's name, model number, and serial number for the accelerator, and the manufacturer's name, model number, serial number and calibration date of the instrument used to conduct any measurements, notations indicating the operability of each entrance door interlock, each electrical or mechanical stop, each beam condition indicator light, the viewing system, doors, and the signature of the individual who performed the periodic spot checks.
9.9.3.4	If the result of the safety checks required in RH 9.9.3.1 indicate the malfunction of any system specified in RH 9.9.3.1, the registrant shall lock the control console in the “off” position and not use the unit except as may be necessary to repair, replace, or check the malfunctioning system.
9.9.4	Electrical circuit diagrams of the accelerator and the associated safety interlock systems shall be kept current and maintained for inspection by the Department and shall be available to the operator at each accelerator facility.
9.9.5	If, for any reason, it is necessary to intentionally bypass a safety interlock or interlocks, such action shall be:
9.9.5.1	aAuthorized by the rRadiation sSafety oOfficer;
9.9.5.2	rRecorded in a permanent log and a notice posted at the accelerator control console; and
9.9.5.3	tTerminated as soon as possible.
9.9.6	Safety Instructions.
9.9.6.1	A copy of the current operating and the emergency procedures shall be maintained at the accelerator control panel. These instructions shall inform the operator of:
9.9.6.1.1	The procedure to be followed if the operator is unable to turn the accelerator off with controls at the control panel or any other abnormal operation occurs; and
9.9.6.1.2	The names and telephone numbers of the authorized users and Radiation Safety Officer to be immediately contacted if the accelerator or console operates abnormally; and
9.9.6.2	A registrant shall provide instruction in the topics identified in RH 9.9.6.1 to all individuals who operate an accelerator and shall provide appropriate refresher training to individuals at intervals not to exceed one year.
9.9.6.3	A registrant shall maintain a record of individuals receiving instructions required by RH 9.9.6.2, a description of the instruction, the date of instruction, and the name of the individual who gave the instruction for three (3) years.
RH 9.10	Radiation Monitoring Requirements.
9.10.1	There shall be available at each particle accelerator facility appropriate portable monitoring equipment which is operable and has been appropriately calibrated for the radiations being produced at the facility. Such equipment shall be tested for proper functioning prior to each day of accelerator operation and calibrated at intervals not to exceed one year and after each servicing and repair.
9.10.2	A radiation protection survey shall be performed and documented by a qualified expert, acceptable to the Department, when changes have been made in shielding, operation, equipment, or occupancy of adjacent areas.
9.10.2.1	A registrant shall maintain a record of the radiation measurements made following installation of the accelerator for the duration of the registration and when subsequent changes occur that could potentially affect the radiation levels in adjacent areas.
9.10.2.2	The record REQUIRED BY 9.10.2.1 shall include the date of the measurements, the manufacturer's name, model number and serial number of the accelerator, a description of the accelerator configuration including whether there were any test objects in the accelerator beam, the instrument used to measure radiation levels, a plan of the areas surrounding the accelerator that were surveyed, the measured dose rate at several points in each area expressed in microsieverts (millirems) per hour, the calculated maximum level of radiation over a period of one week for each restricted and unrestricted area, and the signature of the Radiation Safety Officer.
9.10.3	The radiation levels in all high radiation areas not in the exposure room shall be continuously monitored. The monitoring devices shall be electrically independent of the accelerator control and safety interlock systems and capable of providing a readout at the control panel.
9.10.4	All area monitors shall be calibrated at intervals not to exceed one year and after each servicing and repair.
9.10.5	Whenever applicable, periodic surveys shall be made to determine the amount of airborne particulate radioactivity present.
9.10.6	All surveys shall be made in accordance with the written procedures established by a qualified expert, registered with the Department, or the Radiation Safety Officer.
9.10.7	Records of all radiation protection surveys, calibrations, and instrumentation tests shall be maintained for three (3) years at the accelerator facility for inspection by the Department.
RH 9.11	Ventilation Systems.
9.11.1	Ventilation systems shall be provided to ensure that personnel entering any area where airborne radioactivity may be produced will not be exposed to airborne radioactive material in excess of those limits specified in Part 4, Appendix 4B, Table I4B1 of these Regulations.
9.11.2	A registrant shall not vent, release, or otherwise discharge airborne radioactive material to an unrestricted area which exceeds the limits specified in Part 4, Appendix 4B, Table II4B2of these Regulations, except as authorized pursuant to RH 4.33 of these Regulations. For purposes of RH 9.11.1, concentrations may be averaged over a period not greater than one year. Every effort should be made to maintain releases of radioactive material to unrestricted areas as far below these limits as is reasonably achievable.